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| (R) ST5R00 SERIES MICROPOWER VFM STEP-UP DC/DC CONVERTER s s s s s s s s s s VERY LOW SUPPLY CURRENT REGULATED OUTPUT VOLTAGE WIDE RANGE OF OUTPUT VOLTAGE AVAILABLE (2.5V, 2.8V, 3.0V, 3.3V, 5.0V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE ACCURACY 5% OUTPUT CURRENT UP TO 100mA LOW RIPPLE AND LOW NOISE VERY LOW START-UP VOLTAGE HIGH EFFICIENCY (VOUT=5V TYP. 87%) FEW EXTERNAL COMPONENTS VERY SMALL PACKAGE: SOT23-5L, SOT-89 SOT23-5L SOT-89 DESCRIPTION The ST5R00 is an high efficiency VFM Step-up DC/DC converter for small, low input voltage or battery powered systems with ultra low quiescent supply current. The ST5Rxx accept a positive input voltage from start-up voltage to VOUT and convert it to a higher output voltage in the 2.5 to 5V range. The ST5R00 combine ultra low quiescent supply current and high efficiency to give maximum battery life. The high switching frequency and the internally limited peak inductor current, permits the use of small, low cost inductors. Only three external components are nedeed: an inductor a diode and an output capacitor. The ST5R00 is suitable to be used in a battery powered equipment where low noise, low ripple and ultra low supply current are required. The ST5R00 is available in very small packages: SOT23-5L, SOT-89. Typical applications are pagers, cameras & video camera, cellular telephones, wireless telephones, palmtop computer, battery backup supplies, battery powered equipment. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM June 2001 1/13 ST5R00 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING Symbol V OUT V IN V LX I LX P tot T st g T op Output Voltage Input Voltage LX Pin Voltage LX Pin Output Current Power Dissipation @ 25oC for SOT23-5L Storage Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Range Parameter Value 5.5 5.5 5.5 Internally limited 170 (*) - 55 to 125 - 25 to 85 mW o o Unit V V V C C (*) Reduced by 1.7 mW for increasing in TA of 1oC over 25oC THERMAL DATA Symbol Parameter SOT23-5L 63 SOT-89 17 Unit C/W R thj-case Therma l Resistance Junction-case OPERATION The ST5Rxx architecture is built around a VFM CONTROL logic core: switching frequency is set through a built in oscillator: TON time is fixed (Typ. 5s) while TOFF time is determined by the error amplifier output, a logic signal coming from the comparison made by the Error Amplifier Stage between the signal coming from the output voltage divider network and the internal Band-Gap voltage reference (Vref). TOFF reaches a minimum (Typ. 1.7s) when heavy load conditions are met (Clock frequency 150KHz). An over current conditions, through the internal power switch, causes a voltage drop VLX=RDSONxISW and the VLX limiter block forces the internal switch to be off, so narrowing TON time and limiting internal power dissipation. In this Typical Application Circuit case the switching frequency may be higher than the 150KHz set by the internal clock generator. VFM control ensures very low quiescent current and high conversion efficiency even with very light loads. Since the Output Voltage pin is also used as the device Supply Voltage, the versions with higher output voltage present an higher internal supply voltage that results in lower power switch RDSON, slightly greater output power and higher efficiency. Moreover, bootstrapping allows the input voltage to sag to 0.6V (at IOUT=1mA) once the system is started. If the input voltage exceeds the output voltage, the output will follow the input, however, the input or output voltage must not be forced above 5.5V. Typical Application Efficency (*) See application info 2/13 ST5R00 CONNECTION DIAGRAM (top view) SOT23-5L SOT-89 ORDERING NUMBERS SOT23-5L ST5R25M ST5R28M ST5R30M ST5R33M ST5R50M ST5R25U ST5R28U ST5R30U ST5R33U ST5R50U SOT-89 Output Voltage 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 5.0 V V V V V TYPICAL DEMOBOARD 3/13 ST5R00 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR ST5R25 (VIN = 1.5V, IOUT = 10mA TA = 25oC unless otherwise specified. For external components value, unless otherwise notes, refer to the typical operating circuit. Symbol V OUT V HOLD I SUPPLY ILX(leak) F osc Dty Parameter Output Voltage IOUT=1mA VIN rising from 0 to 2V IOUT=1mA VIN falling from 2 to 0V To be measured at VIN, no load ILX=150mA VLX=4V, forced VOUT=3V 150 to be measure on Lx pin IOUT=50mA 77 82 0.6 16 850 0.5 Hold-on Voltage Supply Current Internal Leakage Current Maximum oscillator Frequency Oscillator Duty Cycle Efficency Test Conditions Min. 2.375 Typ. 2.5 0.8 Max. 2.625 1.2 Unit V V V A m A kHz % % V START-UP Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) (1) R LX(DSON) Internal Switch RDSON (1): The minimum input voltage for the IC start-up is strictly a function of the VF catch diode. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR ST5R28 (VIN = 1.7V, IOUT = 10mA TA = 25oC unless otherwise specified. For external components value, unless otherwise notes, refer to the typical operating circuit. Symbol V OUT V HOLD I SUPPLY ILX(leak) F osc Dty Parameter Output Voltage IOUT=1mA VIN rising from 0 to 2V IOUT=1mA VIN falling from 2 to 0V To be measured at VIN, no load ILX=150mA VLX=4V, forced VOUT=3.3V 150 to be measure on Lx pin IOUT=50mA 77 82 0.6 16 850 0.5 Hold-on Voltage Supply Current Internal Leakage Current Maximum oscillator Frequency Oscillator Duty Cycle Efficency Test Conditions Min. 2.66 Typ. 2.8 0.8 Max. 2.94 1.2 Unit V V V A m A kHz % % V START-UP Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) (1) R LX(DSON) Internal Switch RDSON (1): The minimum input voltage for the IC start-up is strictly a function of the VF catch diode. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR ST5R30 (VIN = 1.8V, IOUT = 10mA TA = 25oC unless otherwise specified. For external components value, unless otherwise notes, refer to the typical operating circuit. Symbol V OUT V HOLD I SUPPLY ILX(leak) F osc Dty Parameter Output Voltage IOUT=1mA VIN rising from 0 to 2V IOUT=1mA VIN falling from 2 to 0V To be measured at VIN, no load ILX=150mA VLX=4V, forced VOUT=3.5V 150 to be measure on Lx pin IOUT=50mA 77 83 0.6 17 850 0.5 Hold-on Voltage Supply Current Internal Leakage Current Maximum oscillator Frequency Oscillator Duty Cycle Efficency Test Conditions Min. 2.85 Typ. 3 0.8 Max. 3.15 1.2 Unit V V V A m A kHz % % V START-UP Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) (1) R LX(DSON) Internal Switch RDSON (1): The minimum input voltage for the IC start-up is strictly a function of the VF catch diode. 4/13 ST5R00 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR ST5R33 (VIN = 2V, IOUT = 10mA TA = 25oC unless otherwise specified. For external components value, unless otherwise notes, refer to the typical operating circuit. Symbol V OUT V HOLD I SUPPLY ILX(leak) F osc Dty Parameter Output Voltage IOUT=1mA VIN rising from 0 to 2V IOUT=1mA VIN falling from 2 to 0V To be measured at VIN, no load ILX=150mA VLX=4V, forced VOUT=3.8V 150 to be measure on Lx pin IOUT=50mA 77 83 0.6 17 850 0.5 Hold-on Voltage Supply Current Internal Leakage Current Maximum oscillator Frequency Oscillator Duty Cycle Efficency Test Conditions Min. 3.135 Typ. 3.3 0.8 Max. 3.465 1.2 Unit V V V A m A kHz % % V START-UP Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) (1) R LX(DSON) Internal Switch RDSON (1): The minimum input voltage for the IC start-up is strictly a function of the VF catch diode. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR ST5R50 (VIN = 3V, IOUT = 10mA TA = 25oC unless otherwise specified. For external components value, unless otherwise notes, refer to the typical operating circuit. Symbol V OUT V HOLD I SUPPLY ILX(leak) F osc Dty Parameter Output Voltage IOUT=1mA VIN rising from 0 to 2V IOUT=1mA VIN falling from 2 to 0V To be measured at VIN, no load ILX=150mA VLX=4V, forced VOUT=5.5V 160 to be measure on Lx pin IOUT=50mA 77 87 0.6 18 700 0.5 Hold-on Voltage Supply Current Internal Leakage Current Maximum oscillator Frequency Oscillator Duty Cycle Efficency Test Conditions Min. 4.75 Typ. 5.0 0.8 Max. 5.25 1.2 Unit V V V A m A kHz % % V START-UP Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) (1) R LX(DSON) Internal Switch RDSON (1): The minimum input voltage for the IC start-up is strictly a function of the VF catch diode. TYPICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (the following plots are referred to the typical application circuit and, unless otherwise noted, at TA=25oC) Figure 1:Output Voltage vs Output Current Figure 2: Output Voltage vs Output Current 5/13 ST5R00 Figure 3: Output Voltage vs Temperature Figure 4: Output Voltage vs Temperature Figure 5: Efficency vs Temperature Figure 6: Efficency vs Temperature Figure 7: Efficency vs Output Current Figure 8: Efficency vs Output Current 6/13 ST5R00 Figure 9: Maximum Oscillator Frequency vs Temperature Figure 10: Maximum Oscillator Frequency vs Temperature Figure 11: Oscillator Duty Cycle (@ MAX Freq.) vs Temperature Figure 12: Oscillator Duty Cycle (@ MAX Freq.) vs Temperature Figure 13: Lx Switching Current Limit vs Temperature Figure 14: Lx Switching Current Limit vs Temperature 7/13 ST5R00 Figure 15: Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) vs Temperature Figure 16: Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) vs Temperature (*) Input Voltage less the voltage drop across the diode (*) Input Voltage less the voltage drop across the diode Figure 17: Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) vs Output Current Figure 18: Start-up Voltage (VIN-VF) vs Output Current (*) Input Voltage less the voltage drop across the diode (*) Input Voltage less the voltage drop across the diode Figure 19: Minimum Input Voltage vs Output Current Figure 20: Minimum Input Voltage vs Output Current 8/13 ST5R00 Figure 21: Internal Switch RDSON vs Temperature Figure 22: Internal Switch RDSON vs Temperature Figure 23: Hold-on Voltage vs Temperature Figure 24: Hold-on Voltage vs Temperature Figure 25: No Load Input Current vs Temperature Figure 26: No Load Input Current vs Temperature 9/13 ST5R00 APPLICATION INFORMATION PC LAYOUT AND GROUNDING HINTS The ST5R00 high frequency operation makes PC layout important for minimizing ground bounce and noise. Place external components as close as possible to the device pins. Take care to the Supply Voltage Source connections that have to be very close to the Input of the application. Set the Output Load as close as possible to the output capacitor. If possible, use a Star ground connection with the centre point on the Device Ground pin. To maximize output power and efficiency and minimize output ripple voltage, use a ground plane and solder the ICs ground pin directly to the ground plane. Remember that the LX Switching Current flows through the Ground pin, so, in order to minimize the series resistance that may cause power dissipation and decrease of the Efficiency conversion, the Ground pattern has to be as large as possible. INDUCTOR SELECTION An inductor value of 47H performs well in most ST5R00 applications. However, the inductance value is not critical, and the ST5R00 will work with inductors in the 33H to 120H. Smaller inductance values typically offer a smaller physical size for a given series resistance, allowing the smallest overall circuit dimensions. However, due to higher peak inductor currents, the output voltage ripple (Ipeak x output filter capacitors ESR) also tends to be higher. Circuits using larger inductance values exhibit higher output current capability and larger physical dimensions for a given series resistance. In order to obtain the best application performances the inductor must respect the following condition: - The DC resistance has to be as little as possible, a good value is <0.25. This choise will reduce the lost power as heat in the windings. - The inductor core must not saturate at the forecast maximum LX current. This is mainly a function of the Input Voltage, Inductor value and Output Current. However, it is generally accettable to bias the inductor into saturation by as much as 20%, although this will slightly reduce efficiency. In order to calculate this parameter we have to distinguish two cases: 1)When a light load is applied on the output (discontinuous mode operation) the inductor core must not saturate at ILX(max)= (VIN x TON)/L. 2)For heavy load (continuos mode operation) the 10/13 inductor core must not saturate at ILX(max)= (IOUT x T)/TOFF(min) + (VIN x TON)/2L Where: Vin is the Input Voltage, Ton is the switch on period (typ. 5s), L is the inductance value, Iout is the maximum forecast Output Current, T=TON+TOFF(min) and TOFF(min) is the minimum switch off period (typ. 1.7s), - Choose an inductance value in the 47H to 82H range. - For application sensitive to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), a pot core inductor is recommended. DIODE SELECTION A Schottky diode with an high switching speed and a very low Forward Voltage (VF) is needed. Higher VF may cause lost power as heat in the diode, with a decrease of the Efficiency. Moreover, since the Output Voltage pin is also used as the device Supply Voltage, the Start-up Voltage (see related plots) is strictly due to the diode Forward Voltage at the rated Forward Current. A good diode choise is a STPS1L30A (STM). INPUT/OUTPUT CAPACITORS SELECTION The Output Ripple Voltage, as well as the Efficiency, is strictly related to the behaviour of these elements. The output ripple voltage is the product of the peak inductor current and the output capacitor Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR). Best performances are obtained with good high frequency characteristics capacitors and low ESR. The best compromise for the value of the Output Capacitance is 47F Tantalum Capacitor, Lower values may cause higher Output Ripple Voltage and lower Efficiency without compromising the functionality of the device. An Input Capacitor is required to compensate, if present, the series impedance between the Supply Voltage Source and the Input Voltage of the Application. A value of 4.7F is enough to guarantee stability for distances less than 2". It could be necessary (depending on VIN, VOUT, IOUT values) to proportionally increase the input capacitor value up to 100A for major distances. In any case we suggest to connect both capacitors, CIN and COUT, as close as possible to the device pins. ST5R00 SOT-89 MECHANICAL DATA mm MIN. A B B1 C C1 D D1 E e e1 H L 1.4 0.44 0.36 0.35 0.35 4.4 1.62 2.29 1.42 2.92 3.94 0.89 TYP. MAX. 1.6 0.56 0.48 0.44 0.44 4.6 1.83 2.6 1.57 3.07 4.25 1.2 MIN. 55.1 17.3 14.2 13.8 13.8 173.2 63.8 90.2 55.9 115.0 155.1 35.0 mils TYP. MAX. 63.0 22.0 18.9 17.3 17.3 181.1 72.0 102.4 61.8 120.9 167.3 47.2 DIM. P025H 11/13 ST5R00 SOT23-5L MECHANICAL DATA mm MIN. A A1 A2 b C D E E1 L e e1 0.90 0.00 0.90 0.35 0.09 2.80 2.60 1.50 0.35 0.95 1.9 TYP. MAX. 1.45 0.15 1.30 0.50 0.20 3.00 3.00 1.75 0.55 MIN. 35.4 0.0 35.4 13.7 3.5 110.2 102.3 59.0 13.7 37.4 74.8 mils TYP. MAX. 57.1 5.9 51.2 19.7 7.8 118.1 118.1 68.8 21.6 DIM. 12/13 ST5R00 Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specification mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics (c) 2001 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All Rights Reserved STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Italy - Japan - Malaysia - Malta - Morocco Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com . 13/13 |
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